History of Communication

 

History of     Communication

The oldest known symbols created with the purpose of communication through time are the cave paintings

A Graphic symbol that represents an idea or concept is called as Ideograph

The Egyptians had their own set of symbols to keep track of trade They developed a system of writing known as hieroglyphics

Hieroglyph  script was developed about four thousand years before Christ and there was also a decimal system of numeration up to a million.

Egyptian hieroglyphics consisted of two types of symbols: ideograms and  phonograms.  Ideograms evolved from pictographs and were symbols of both objects and ideas

The earliest known journalistic product was a news sheet circulated in ancient Rome and called the Acta Diurna

Cuneiform script is one of the earliest known forms of written expression

The cuneiform writing system was in use for more than 35 centuries, through several stages of evolution, from the 34th century BC down to the 1st century AD

In greek  500  BC  developed  a system to communicate from one city to another  city  that system is called as  Visual telegraph

The visual Telegraph was by building a series of brick walls with   indentations at the top. Each indentation represented a letter of the Greek alphabet. To send a message, people lit fires at the appropriate spots to send express a message. A watcher at the next wall would resend the message to wherever it needed to get to

PAPYRUS: is a tall, aquatic reed plant, Cyperus Papyrus, noted   especially for its use for ancient writing material. The papyrus plant, so abundant in ancient Lower Egypt

Coranto is a term used to describe early informational broadsheets precursors to newspaper

In the English-speaking world, the earliest predecessors of the newspaper were corantos, small news pamphlets produced only when some event worthy of notice occurred.

By December 1620, Corantos  (single folio sheets) of news about the wars in Europe, printed in English, were making their way across the English Channel from Holland.

The formal study of language began in India  with Panini  the 5th century BC grammarian who formulated 3,959 rules of  Sanskrit morphology.

When writing evolved in the human world, communications came into existence. Postal services long existed in China since 4000 BC. Millennium later, Egypt and Assyria had their postal services.

The Chinese and Egyptian services were confined to imperial court circles, but in Assyria the service was open to the mercantile class.

Historical references to postal systems in Egypt dated from about   2000 BC

The two Greek historians, Herodotus and Xenophon, wrote the detailed descriptions about the postal network.

Rowland Hill formulated proposals on reforming the modern postal system between 1835 and 1837.

A telegraph is a device for transmitting and receiving messages over long distances, i.e., for telegraphy.

Beginning in 1836, the American artist  Samuel F B Morse the American physicist Joseph Henry and  Alfred Vail developed an electrical telegraph system.

The Morse code was developed so that operators could translate the indentations marked on the paper tape into text message

Morse code is a method of transmitting textual  information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment

The first successful submarine telegraph was laid between Dover and Calais, a distance of twenty-four miles, in 1850

The transatlantic telegraph cable was the first  cable used for telegraph communications laid across the floor of the Atlantic Ocean in 1866  from Ireland to Canada

Alexander Graham Bell being awarded the first US Patent for the telephone in 1876

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